The total number of active drilling rigs for oil and gas in the United States experienced a slight decline this week, according to the latest comprehensive data released by Baker Hughes on Friday, June 7, 2024. Compared to last week, this represents a notable change in rig count, reflecting ongoing fluctuations over time. Tracking these changes over time is essential for understanding trends in the industry and the impact on working interest owners and energy investments across the domestic energy sector, highlighting the ongoing operational risks in exploration and drilling activities. The active rig count acts as a leading indicator of demand for products used in drilling, completing, producing, and processing hydrocarbons. Rig count reports are frequently referenced by journalists, economists, security analysts, and government officials, further emphasizing their importance. Key rig count reports and data sets are available for download to facilitate industry analysis and decision-making. For context, the U.S. rig count reached 657 during the week ended January 3, 2023, showcasing the dynamic nature of rig activity over time.
This chart was created with Highcharts (version 11.1.0) and was created to visualize the rig count data over time.
Current Rig Count Analysis
The total rig count in the US decreased by 1 rig, settling at 539, according to Baker Hughes’ detailed report. This represents a significant year-over-year decline of 49 rigs from the same period last year. The previous week’s count of 538 marked the lowest point in domestic production activities since December 2021, emphasizing the challenges faced by those involved in operating working interests in the oil and gas industry. As of the beginning of October 2025, the total number of operational U.S. oil and gas rigs stood at around 549 units, reflecting ongoing fluctuations in the industry.
Throughout 2025, weekly rig count data has shown notable fluctuations, with specific reference points such as 01 2025, 02 2025, 03 2025, 04 2025, 05 2025, 06 2025, 07 2025, 08 2025, 09 2025, 10 2025, 11 2025, 12 2025, 13 2025, 14 2025, 15 2025, 16 2025, 17 2025, 18 2025, 19 2025, 20 2025, 21 2025, 22 2025, 23 2025, 24 2025, 25 2025, 26 2025, 27 2025, 28 2025, 29 2025, 30 2025, and 31 2025. Key weekly data points include 09 12, 09 19, and 10 03, which highlight the week-by-week changes in rig activity. The largest weekly increase in rig count during 2025 occurred in 14 2025, while the largest decrease was recorded in 18 2025. The timing of rig count releases, especially in february and october (including oct), is crucial for industry analysis and forecasting. Over the past month, short-term fluctuations have been observed, reflecting ongoing adjustments in drilling activity. The importance of location is evident, as different basins and regions contribute variably to the overall rig count, underscoring the need for precise geographic tracking in industry reports.
In terms of specific working interest in oil and gas operations, the oil rig count showed a modest increase of 1 to reach 411, though this still reflects a substantial year-over-year decline of 74 rigs. The gas rig segment experienced a reduction of 1 rig this week, totaling 123 active rigs, which actually represents a gain of 26 active gas rigs compared to the same period last year. The miscellaneous rig category also saw a decrease of one rig this week, following last week’s single-rig gain, bringing the total number of active miscellaneous rigs to 5. These fluctuations in rig counts directly impact drilling costs and well completion activities across various energy projects.
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Production and Completion Activity Trends
Recent data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA), released on the date of August 2, revealed that weekly U.S. crude oil production experienced a slight decrease in the week ending August 1, dropping from 13.314 million barrels per day to 13.284 million barrels per day. This fluctuation has implications for working interest owners and domestic production strategies in the energy market, especially as production trends over the past month have shown notable changes. These changes, observed over time, highlight the importance of monitoring both short-term and long-term shifts in industry activity. The EIA also forecasts that U.S. crude oil production will decline from its peak due to lower oil prices deterring new drilling, further emphasizing the need for strategic planning in the sector. U.S. oil production peaked in 2023 at nearly 19.4 million barrels per day, marking a significant milestone in the nation’s energy output.
Primary Vision’s Frac Spread Count, which provides a crucial metric for evaluating completion activity in the oil and gas sector, indicated a decrease of 1 during the week of August 1, bringing the total to 167 active crews. This represents the lowest level of active frac crews since 2021, highlighting the ongoing adjustments in domestic drilling and operating activities. The current count shows a significant decline of 48 crews from the March 21 peak, reflecting a substantial change from the previous period and broader industry trends and operational challenges facing energy investments in drilling projects.
The reduction in frac crews is particularly significant as it indicates not just fewer new wells being drilled, but also fewer existing wells being completed and brought into production. This bottleneck in completion activities suggests that even when drilling does pick up, there may be delays in bringing new production online, potentially extending the current period of constrained supply growth.
Regional Basin Performance
Drilling activities in the Permian basin, a crucial region for energy investments, continue to show concerning trends, with the basin experiencing a notable 3-rig reduction this week. The current count of 256 rigs represents a significant year-over-year decline of 48 rigs, impacting exploration and drilling activities throughout the region. As of the beginning of October 2025, there were 251 active rigs in the Permian basin, further underscoring the ongoing challenges in this key area. Location plays a critical role in understanding these regional rig count trends, as specific geographic data helps operators and analysts track shifts in drilling activity. The Permian remains the largest U.S. basin by rig count, underscoring its dominance in the industry despite recent declines. The U.S. is the world’s leading oil-producing country, surpassing Saudi Arabia due to advanced extraction methods. The Eagle Ford basin, another key area for oil and gas working interest owners, also witnessed a downturn, losing one rig to reach 38 total—marking a decrease of 12 rigs compared to the previous year. These declines highlight the ongoing production costs and operational risks faced by investors in these major U.S. basins.
The Permian basin’s struggles are particularly noteworthy given its status as America’s premier shale oil region. The basin has historically driven much of the growth in U.S. oil production over the past decade, making its current challenges a bellwether for the broader industry. Similarly, the Eagle Ford’s continued weakness reflects the maturation of many of its most prolific drilling locations, forcing operators to move to less attractive acreage or implement more expensive enhanced recovery techniques.
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Market Price Dynamics and Economic Pressures
Market indicators at 12:45 p.m. ET on June 15, 2024, showed mixed signals for energy investments. The WTI benchmark demonstrated modest gains, with oil prices trading up $0.16 per barrel (+0.25%) at $64.04, though this still reflected a substantial decline of more than $3 per barrel from the previous week’s levels. Similarly, the Brent benchmark showed slight improvement, with gas prices trading up $0.25 (+0.38%) at $66.68. Over time, the change in oil and gas prices has been significant, with fluctuations impacting both short-term and long-term investment strategies. These price movements continue to influence investment decisions in domestic drilling and operating ventures, particularly for those holding working interests in oil and gas projects across major U.S. basins.
The current price environment reflects several competing factors. While global demand remains relatively robust, concerns about economic slowdowns in major consuming regions continue to weigh on sentiment. Additionally, the substantial increase in production efficiency over recent years means that many wells remain profitable even at current price levels, though the economic incentive for aggressive expansion has diminished significantly.
Technology and Operational Efficiency Factors
The industry’s focus has increasingly shifted toward operational efficiency and technology adoption as companies work to maintain profitability in a challenging price environment. Companies use advanced technologies and data analytics to improve operational efficiency and decision-making. Advanced drilling techniques, including longer lateral wells and improved completion designs, have allowed operators to extract more resources from existing acreage while reducing per-unit costs. Operators access real-time data to optimize drilling performance and make timely adjustments. Technological innovations in oil rigs have spurred advancements in equipment, automation, and safety systems, further enhancing operational capabilities. However, these technological improvements also mean that fewer rigs are needed to maintain production levels, contributing to the overall decline in active rig counts. For example, in Texas, active oil rigs decreased by 65% from 2014 to 2024, yet oil production increased by 94%, showcasing the impact of these advancements.
Automation and digitalization initiatives are also playing a growing role in rig efficiency. Modern drilling operations can accomplish in weeks what previously took months, allowing companies to maintain production with fewer active rigs. New processes and tools are created to address specific operational challenges and enhance productivity. This technological evolution represents both a challenge and an opportunity for working interest owners, as it requires ongoing capital investment but potentially offers improved returns on successfully implemented projects.
Investment Implications and Market Outlook
The current market conditions and operational challenges in the energy sector underscore the importance of careful consideration for investors looking at energy investments. While the industry faces headwinds, it also presents unique investment opportunities for those willing to navigate the complexities of operating working interests in oil and gas projects. As the domestic production landscape continues to evolve, working interest owners must stay informed about the latest trends in drilling costs, well completion techniques, and overall market dynamics to make informed decisions about their investments in this vital sector of the U.S. economy. Investors can access detailed market data and use this information to inform their investment decisions, ensuring they are equipped to respond to changing industry conditions.
These figures underscore the complex dynamics currently affecting the domestic energy sector, particularly for those holding operating working interests in oil and gas operations. The data suggests a period of adjustment in the industry, with implications for both current operations and future investment opportunities in domestic drilling and operating ventures. Investors should closely monitor key indicators such as rig counts, completion activity, and regional performance metrics to identify potential opportunities in this evolving market landscape.
For working interest owners, the current environment may present opportunities to acquire interests in quality projects at attractive valuations, particularly in proven basins where infrastructure and geological knowledge provide competitive advantages. However, thorough due diligence remains essential, as the industry continues to navigate the balance between maintaining production levels and preserving capital in an uncertain economic environment.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the Baker Hughes rig count actually measure?
The Baker Hughes rig count tracks the number of active drilling rigs operating in the United States on a weekly basis, with updated data released every Friday (the official release date). This includes oil rigs, natural gas rigs, and miscellaneous rigs engaged in exploration, development, and production activities. The count serves as a leading indicator of industry activity and future production capacity, as more active rigs typically signal increased drilling and potential production growth. By monitoring the rig count over time, analysts can observe changes in industry activity and identify trends based on fluctuations in the number of rigs. The North American rig count is released weekly at noon Central Time on the last day of the work week. Baker Hughes has issued rig counts as a service to the petroleum industry since 1944, making it a long-standing and trusted source of industry data. In December 2015, the U.S. lifted a ban on crude oil exports, leading to a significant increase in oil exports. These rig counts are also published by major newspapers and trade publications, further emphasizing their importance as a key industry metric.
Why has the US rig count declined to 3-year lows?
The decline to 3-year lows reflects several factors including volatile oil and gas prices, economic uncertainty, and improved drilling efficiency. Over the past month, there has been a noticeable change in rig activity, with the rig count decreasing as companies respond to market conditions. This change has occurred over a relatively short period of time, highlighting how quickly industry trends can shift. Companies have become more selective about new projects, focusing on their most profitable acreage. Additionally, technological advances mean fewer rigs are needed to maintain production levels, as modern drilling techniques can extract more resources per well than previous methods. Historically, U.S. oil rigs peaked in late 2014 at as high as 1609, illustrating the cyclical nature of the industry. Within two years of this peak, the count sharply declined to 325, demonstrating the volatility and rapid adjustments characteristic of the sector. The total number of active oil rigs globally in 2024 averages 1,734, about half the number in 2014.
How does the reduced rig count affect working interest owners?
Reduced rig activity can impact working interest owners in multiple ways. Changes in rig count over time can signal shifts in industry trends, affecting both short-term and long-term investment opportunities. While fewer active projects may limit new investment opportunities, it can also create attractive entry points for quality assets at lower valuations. Working interest owners can access relevant rig count data and historical trends to make informed decisions about where and when to invest. The key is focusing on projects in proven basins with existing infrastructure and strong geological data, where the risk-return profile remains favorable even in a challenging market environment.
What makes the Permian basin so important to US drilling activity?
The Permian basin represents America’s most prolific and the largest shale oil region, historically driving much of the growth in US oil production over the past decade. With 256 active rigs (despite recent declines), it still accounts for nearly half of all US drilling activity. The basin’s importance stems from its proven reserves, the strategic location which provides access to major infrastructure and facilitates high production, and relatively low breakeven costs compared to other regions. The U.S. oil rig count was at 418 as of October 17, 2025, down from 481 one year ago. The Eagle Ford basin ranks second in the number of oil rigs in the United States, further highlighting the importance of regional contributions to the nation's energy output.
Should investors be concerned about the current drilling slowdown?
While the current slowdown presents challenges, it may also create opportunities for informed investors. The industry is experiencing a period of adjustment, reflecting a change in drilling activity over time rather than a permanent decline. For those considering domestic drilling and operating investments, the focus should be on projects with strong fundamentals, experienced operators, and locations in proven basins where operational efficiency and existing infrastructure provide competitive advantages. Investors can use current data on rig counts and activity trends to identify opportunities that may arise during this time of transition.